略語の意味を示すために説明は英語表記。ちなみに、これら全ては1つ1つがアプリだった。Unix哲学の結晶。

デバイス管理

  • lscpu - list CPU info
  • lspci - list PCI devices
  • lsusb - lsit USB devices
  • lsscsi - list SCSI devices
  • lsblk - list block / storage devices
  • hwclock - set hardware clock
  • hdparm - show HDD/SATA/IDE parameters
  • sdparm - access SCSI mode page
  • loadkeys - loadkeybords
  • setterm - terminal settings
  • screen - terminal screen manager
  • tmux - ?
  • chvt - change vertual terminal
  • fdisk - fixed disk, manipulate partitions
  • parted - partition edit
  • partx - show partitions
  • mkswap - make swap area
  • swapon - swap area on
  • swapoff - swap area off
  • wodim - write to CD/DVD

カーネル管理

  • mkinitramfs - initramfs image generator ( Debian )
  • dracut - initramfs image generator ( RH )
  • dmsg - display Kernel message ring
  • lsmod - list Linux Kernel modules
  • insmod - insert a Kernel module
  • rmmod - remove a Kernel module
  • depmod - generate modules.dep
  • modprobe - add and remove modules from Kernel
  • modinfo - show information about a Kernel modules

システム管理

  • hostname - hostname
  • hostnamectl - mamage hostname ( hostnamectl status )
  • uname - show system information
  • arch - show system hardware name ( = uname -m)
  • top - show top processes
  • df - disk free on filesystem
  • du - disk used
  • free - free memory
  • vmstat - memory status
  • init - system mamager
  • initctl - ?
  • systemctl - system mamager
  • chkconfig - old way of systemctl
  • runlevel - show runlevel
  • update-rc.d - set System-V initial links
  • sysctl - configure Kernel parameters
  • ldd - list dynamic dependencies
  • ldconfig - ldd configure
  • logger - enter message to system log
  • journalctl - system log manager
  • halt - halt, power off, reboot machine
  • shutdown - shutdown machine
  • busybox - command tool box

プロセス管理

  • pwdx - pwd for process
  • ps - show processes
  • pstree - show processes tree
  • pgrep - process grep
  • pkill - process kill
  • pidof - process id open file
  • lsof - list files opened by processes
  • fuser - identify file opening process
  • kill - kill process
  • nohup - run command without hup
  • jobs - show working jobs
  • bg - doing job at background
  • fg - doing job at forgraound

ファイルシステム管理

  • mkfs - make file system
  • fsck - file system check
  • mount - mount file system
  • umount - unmount file system
  • mknod - create a special file

ユーザ管理

  • last - show recent log-in users
  • lastlog - show last users login
  • w / who - show logged-in users
  • users - show logged-in users
  • useradd - add a user ( useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo hoge )
  • userdel - delete a user ( userdel -r hoge )
  • usermod - modify a user
  • groups - show user's groups
  • groupadd - add a group
  • groupdel - delete a group
  • groupmod - modify a group
  • chage - change / show user's age
  • chsh - change login shell
  • finger - user's fingerprint
  • chfn - change user's fingerprint
  • passwd - change user's password
  • gpasswd - manage group password
  • chpasswd - change password in batch mode
  • pwck - check password file
  • grpck - check group file
  • vipw / vigr - edit password / group file
  • pwconv - convert password file
  • edquota - edit quota for user disk
  • write / wall - write a massage to all users
  • htpasswd - httpd basic authentication
  • htdigest - httpd digest authentication

ユーザレベルでよく使う

  • id - show user's id
  • whoami - who am i ?
  • date - show date
  • cal - show calendar
  • set - show shell environment
  • env - show user's enviroment
  • printenv - show environment
  • export - export environment from shell's env to user's env
  • alias / unalias - make alias
  • history - show command history
  • fc - ?
  • su - switch user
  • sudo - switch user do
  • sg - switch group
  • chroot - run command with special root directory
  • nice - set program priority
  • renice - alter program priority
  • crontab - manage cron
  • expect - expect response
  • at - ?
  • script - ?
  • stdbuf - modify buffering
  • time - show round trip time
  • watch - run program periodically
  • sleep - set a moment before run
  • exit - exit terminal
  • make - compile file
  • install - copy files
  • yes - always say "yes"
  • git - git
  • cvs - cvs
  • svn - svn
  • mysql - mysql client / server
  • mysqldump - mysql dump databases
  • xl - ?
  • VBoxManage - ?
  • lpadmin - configure cups printers
  • lpstat - show cups printing status
  • lp - submit files for printing
  • lpr - subimt files for printing
  • cancel - cancel printing job

ファイル / ディレクトリ操作

  • pwd - print working directory
  • tree - tee-style
  • find - find files
  • xargs - x-arguments
  • locate - location of files
  • which - command path
  • ls - list
  • cd - change directory
  • file - type of file
  • stat - status of file
  • lsattr - file system attribution
  • chattr - change file system attribution
  • chmod - change mode
  • chown - change owner of file
  • chgrp - change owner group
  • cp - copy
  • mv - move, change
  • rm - remove
  • shred - shred files
  • tmpwatch - ?
  • umask - user mask
  • mkdir - make a directory
  • rmdir - remove direcotory
  • touch - touch a file
  • ln - make a link
  • readlink - show symbolic link
  • basename - base name of file
  • dirname - name of directory
  • split - split a file
  • truncate - shrink or expand file
  • tar - type archive
  • gzip / gunzip - zip / unzip
  • cpio - extract rpm files
  • mktemp - make temporary file
  • convmv - convert move
  • dd - dump datas
  • pv - pipe viewer
  • base64 - base64 encode / decode
  • od - octal dump
  • md5sum / sha1sum - calculate md5 or sha1
  • iconv - change file encoding
  • strings - show string parts in data file
  • uuencode - ?
  • uudecode - ?
  • lhasa - ?
  • unrar- ?
  • pushd - ?

テキスト編集

  • echo - display a line of text
  • tee - write std-output and life
  • more - viewer
  • less - viewer
  • head - show head part of file
  • tail / tailf - show tail part of file
  • cat - concatinate
  • nl - with number line
  • rev - reverse
  • grep - global reguler expression print
  • vi - visual editor
  • ed - editor
  • sed - stream editor
  • tr - translate
  • awk - patter scanning and processing language
  • nkf - ?
  • patch - patch a diff file
  • diff - compare two files line by line
  • comm - compare two files line by line
  • cmp - compare two files byte by byte
  • col - remove \n etc.
  • column - columnate list
  • colrm - column remove
  • cut - cut
  • expand - expand tab to space
  • unexpand - space to tab
  • paste - marge files
  • join - marge same parts of files
  • uniq - show only uniq part
  • wc - word count
  • seq - sequence
  • sort - sort
  • bc - calculator
  • let - calculate
  • factor - show factor numbers
  • expr - evaluate expression
  • test - ?
  • shuf - shuffle some value
  • fold - wrap words in lines
  • pr - for printer format

パッケージ管理