Debianインストールガイド

＊これは「英語と日本語の伝達コスパの違い」と「筆者の思考と感情の流れ」の２点をしっかり意識優先した上での翻訳。一般的な逐次的な翻訳方法とは違うので、より彩り豊かで感情的な印象を与える文章になる。

Copyright © 2004-2021 the Debian Installer team
Build version of this manual: 20220129~deb11u1.

This manual is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. Please refer to the license in Appendix F, GNU General Public License.

このマニュアルはフリーソフトウェアです。あなたは GNU General Public License のもとに、このマニュアルを再配布したり改善したりできます。付録F（GPLについて）を参照して下さい。

Abstract

This document contains installation instructions for the Debian GNU/Linux 11 system (codename “bullseye”), for the 64-bit PC (“amd64”) architecture. It also contains pointers to more information and information on how to make the most of your new Debian system.

この文書は、64ビットPC/amd64 向けシステム DebianGNU/Linux 11、コードネーム『bullseye』をインストールするための説明書です。さらに、この文書にはより詳しい情報へのポインタ、つまり、あなたの新しいDebianシステムの構築方法についてのほとんどの情報も含まれています。

Installing Debian 11

We are delighted that you have decided to try Debian, and are sure that you will find that Debian's GNU/Linux distribution is unique. Debian GNU/Linux brings together high-quality free software from around the world, integrating it into a coherent whole. We believe that you will find that the result is truly more than the sum of the parts.

あなたが Debian を選んでくれたことを私たちは光栄に思います。そしてあなたはすぐに Debian が GNU/Linuxディストリビューションの中でも特別な存在であることに気づくに違いありません。Debian GNU/Linux は世界中の人々の凝縮された協力と首尾一貫した努力によって高品質でフリーなソフトウェアをあなたにお届け致します。それらの結晶が単なる「結晶」以上のものであることに、あなたはすぐにお気づきになることでしょう。

We understand that many of you want to install Debian without reading this manual, and the Debian installer is designed to make this possible. If you don't have time to read the whole Installation Guide right now, we recommend that you read the Installation Howto, which will walk you through the basic installation process, and links to the manual for more advanced topics or for when things go wrong. The Installation Howto can be found in Appendix A, Installation Howto.

私はたちは皆さんの内ほとんどの方が「このマニュアルなんて読まずにインストールしたい」と思っていることを十分に理解しています。なので、私たちはDebianインストーラーもそのように設計しております。もしあなたがこのマニュアルの全てを読んでいる時間がないなら、せめて「Installation Howto」くらいは読むことをお勧め致します。これを読めば、基本的なインストールプロセスや、より専門的な情報へのリンクを把握できますし、何か不具合が起きた時に役立つでしょう。

With that said, we hope that you have the time to read most of this manual, and doing so will lead to a more informed and likely more successful installation experience.

とは言うものの、是非とも時間をとってこのマニュアルをきちんと読むことをお勧め致します。そうすれば、あなたはインストール作業により精通することになり、よりスムーズに Debian をインストールできるようになるでしょう。

Welcome to Debian

Table of Contents

1. What is Debian?
2. What is GNU/Linux?
3. What is Debian GNU/Linux?
4. What is the Debian Installer?
5. Getting Debian
6. Getting the Newest Version of This Document
7. Organization of This Document
8. About Copyrights and Software Licenses

This chapter provides an overview of the Debian Project and Debian GNU/Linux. If you already know about the Debian Project's history and the Debian GNU/Linux distribution, feel free to skip to the next chapter.

What is Debian?

Debian is an all-volunteer organization dedicated to developing free software and promoting the ideals of the Free Software community. The Debian Project began in 1993, when Ian Murdock issued an open invitation to software developers to contribute to a complete and coherent software distribution based on the relatively new Linux kernel. That relatively small band of dedicated enthusiasts, originally funded by the Free Software Foundation and influenced by the GNU philosophy, has grown over the years into an organization of around 1000 Debian Developers.

Debian Developers are involved in a variety of activities, including Web and FTP site administration, graphic design, legal analysis of software licenses, writing documentation, and, of course, maintaining software packages.

In the interest of communicating our philosophy and attracting developers who believe in the principles that Debian stands for, the Debian Project has published a number of documents that outline our values and serve as guides to what it means to be a Debian Developer:

The Debian Social Contract is a statement of Debian's commitments to the Free Software Community. Anyone who agrees to abide to the Social Contract may become a maintainer. Any maintainer can introduce new software into Debian — provided that the software meets our criteria for being free, and the package follows our quality standards.

The Debian Free Software Guidelines are a clear and concise statement of Debian's criteria for free software. The DFSG is a very influential document in the Free Software Movement, and was the foundation of the The Open Source Definition.

The Debian Policy Manual is an extensive specification of the Debian Project's standards of quality.

Debian developers are also involved in a number of other projects; some specific to Debian, others involving some or all of the Linux community. Some examples include:

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) is an effort to standardize the layout of the Linux file system. The FHS will allow software developers to concentrate their efforts on designing programs, without having to worry about how the package will be installed in different GNU/Linux distributions.

Debian Jr. is an internal project, aimed at making sure Debian has something to offer to our youngest users.

For more general information about Debian, see the Debian FAQ.